EARTH

STRUCTURE OF THE EARTH
The structure of the Earth is divided into layers. These layers are both physically and chemically different. The Earth has an outer solid layer called the crust, a highly viscous layer called the mantle, a liquid layer that is the outer part of the core, called the outer core, and a solid center called the inner core.

Earth crust
Earth's crust is Earth's hard outer layer. It is less than 1% of Earth's volume. The crust is made up of different types of rocks: igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks.

Below the crust is the mantle. The upper part of the mantle is made up of peridotite, a rock denser than rocks common in the crust. The crust and the upper mantle make up the lithosphere. The lithosphere is broken up into tectonic plates that can move.

The crust is of two different types. One is the continental crust (under the land) and the other is the oceanic crust (under the ocean). The continental crust is thicker, and the oceanic crust is thinner. The thickness of the crust varies from 5 to 80 kilometres.

The temperature of the crust increases with depth because of geothermal energy. Where the crust meets the mantle the temperatures can be between 200 °C (392 °F) to 400 °C (752 °F).[1] The crust is the coldest layer because it is exposed to the atmosphere.

Composition of rocks
Igneous rocks make up over 90% of Earth's crust by volume.[2]p47 This is not noticeable because they are mostly covered by sedimentary and metamorphic rocks.

A single family of silicates, the feldspars, account for about half of the material in the crust (60% by weight), and quartz is a sizeable proportion of the rest. Other common minerals are mica and hornblende.

Only 8% of Earth's crust is non-silicate minerals, and this includes carbonates, sulfides, chlorides and oxides.

what is the igneous rock
Geological significance
Edit

The upper 16 km (10 miles) of the Earth's crust is composed of about 95% igneous rocks with only a thin, widespread covering of sedimentary and metamorphic rocks.[1]

Igneous rocks are geologically important because:

their absolute ages may be got from various forms of radiometric dating. This gives information about the dating of adjacent non-igneous geological strata;
their features are usually characteristic of a specific tectonic environment (see plate tectonics);
in some special circumstances they host important mineral deposits (ores): for example, tungsten, tin, and uranium are commonly associated with granites and diorites, whereas ores of chromium and platinum are commonly associated with gabbros.
Two types
Edit
Igneous rock occurs in two ways.

Igneous rock formed from magma that has become solid inside the earth is called intrusive igneous rock. Examples of intrusive igneous rock types are gabbro, diorite, and granite.
Igneous rock formed from lava that has become solid on the outside of the Earth is called extrusive igneous rock. This can happen because of the eruption of a volcano. Some extrusive igneous rock types are basalt, andesite, rhyolite, tuff, obsidian, and pumice.

Igneous rock is one of the three main rock types, the others being sedimentary and metamorphic rock.

Igneous rocks are rocks formed from molten magma. The material is made liquid by the heat inside the Earth's mantle.

When magma comes out onto the surface of the Earth, it is called lava. Lava cools down to form rocks such as tuff and basalt. Intrusive  rocks are made when the magma slowly cools to form rocks under the surface. Granite is one of these.

Geological significance

The upper 16 km (10 miles) of the Earth's crust is composed of about 95% igneous rocks with only a thin, widespread covering of sedimentary and metamorphic rocks.[1]

Igneous rocks are geologically important because:

their absolute ages may be got from various forms of radiometric dating. This gives information about the dating of adjacent non-igneous geological strata;
their features are usually characteristic of a specific tectonic environment (see plate tectonics);
in some special circumstances they host important mineral deposits (ores): for example, tungsten, tin, and uranium are commonly associated with granites and diorites, whereas ores of chromium and platinum are commonly associated with gabbros.
Two types

Igneous rock occurs in two ways.

Igneous rock formed from magma that has become solid inside the earth is called intrusive igneous rock. Examples of intrusive igneous rock types are gabbro, diorite, and granite.
Igneous rock formed from lava that has become solid on the outside of the Earth is called extrusive igneous rock. This can happen because of the eruption of a volcano. Some extrusive igneous rock types are basalt, andesite, rhyolite, tuff, obsidian, and pumice.

EDUCATION SYSTEM

Education

Education is the process of facilitating learning, or the acquisition of knowledge, skills, values, beliefs, and habits. Educational methods include storytelling, discussion, teaching, training, and directed research. Education frequently takes place under the guidance of educators, however learners may also educate themselves.[1] Education can take place in formal or informal settings and any experience that has a formative effect on the way one thinks, feels, or acts may be considered educational. The methodology of teaching is called pedagogy.

Formal education is commonly divided formally into such stages as preschool or kindergarten, primary school,

initial power of the education

Right education

Knownledge are change the world

secondary school and then college, university, or apprenticeship.

Education is generally understood as a form of learning whereby knowledge, skills and habits are etched out in the minds of an individual through instruction, training, sharing, and communicating. In a nut-shell education is usually understood as a transfer of information and knowledge from one individual to the other. In whatever way knowledge is transferred the ultimate end of education must necessarily be formative. At the end of the day it is these formative effects that will shape and help mould an individual in the way he/she thinks, believes, views, feels, acts and reacts in the society.

The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), an international economic organisation founded in 1961, identifies three forms of learning: formal education, informal education and non-formal education. Formal education is institutionalized teaching and learning established according to a pre-determined and pre-defined set of curriculum. This means that courses and contents are provided to a school, a college or a university. Formal education is intentional from the learners’ perspective. Informal education is a form of education outside an institutionalised setting of education. It is neither structured nor usually certified. It could either be unschooling education or autodidactic education. Unschooling education means an educational method of learning that rejects compulsory school education as a source of education. This form of education adheres to an education derived from life experiences, domestic responsibilities, family, personal interests and curiosities and social interaction. Autodidactic education is self education or learning on your own and by yourself though it is usually complemented by formal classroom learning. Non-formal education is learning that takes place in a formal educational organisation but it is not recognised within a curriculum or syllabus framework, for example community based programmes, Scouts and Guides etc. The objective of the learner here could be to enhance one’s knowledge and passion for learning.

well time consuming and education programs are provided right future for new genaration.

True meaning

True education is beyond earning degrees it is more than bookish knowledge. Education  means inculcating moral values, positive thinking, attitude of helping, attitude of giving to society and ethical values these kind of students are only able to bring changes in society.

Types of education systems

The term “education system” includes all institutions which are concerned with the education of children, young persons and adults, in particular preschool/Kindergarten, preschool/nursery school, primary school, lower secondary school, vocational upper secondary school, general upper secondary school or Gymnasium/grammar school/Lycée, high schools, vocational schools, and on tertiary level polytechnics/Fachhochschule, universities and also institutions of adult education like adult education centres.

The structure of the educational system varies between nations and also occasionally within the nations in different regions/states (e.g. in Germany). Specific differences concern the question if and when youngsters/children are separated and selected to go to different schools. The division into one or more types of school may be the fact right after four years of schooling or after primary school, and in some systems the possibilities are open very early to continue in different tracks at the end of each type of school. In some systems the schooling is more comprehensive at least during the first nine years. Although the different education systems vary according to selective or comprehensive schooling, all systems can be classified according to the International Standards Classification of Education (ISCED) to specific levels in terms of formal and non-formal education: Early childhood education (level 0), Primary education (level 1), Lower secondary education (level 2), Upper secondary education (level 3), Post-secondary non-tertiary education (level 4), Short-cycle tertiary education (level 5), Bachelor or equivalent (level 6), Master or equivalent (level 7), Doctoral or equivalent (level 8), and Not elsewhere classified (level 9) (UNESCO UIS 2011). In this YOUNG_ADULLLT – research we specifically conduct research on young adults aged from 18 to 29 years, so the formal and non-formal educational institutions and organisations that are concerned with this age group are mostly in secondary and tertiary level as well as adult education level, meaning the ISCED levels 3, 4, 5 and 9 are of particular interest in terms of transitions from school to work or vocational training or from school to further education respectively, thereby regarding these points of transition as situations of increased structural vulnerability. Thus, the conception of education ‘systems’ as a well-integrated whole that put the students through is weakened.

The categorisation of type of educational system according to stratification and standardization may go like Jutta Allmendinger presents it (national examples from EU GOETE- and YOUNG_ADULLLT-research). These attributions, however, should be regarded as assessments.

Table 1. Categorisation of countries; based on Allmendinger (1989).



STRATIFICATION

low

high

STANDARDISATION

high

High-level comprehensive

High-level differentiated

Finland (G)

Slovenia (G)

Portugal (YA)

Bulgaria (YA)

Croatia (YA)

Germany (G)

Netherlands (G)

France (G)

Austria (YA)

low

Low-level comprehensive

Low-level differentiated

United Kingdom (G)

Italy (G)

Poland (G)

Spain (YA)



–

The structure of the education systems also differs by the governance and the ownership of the school system; there are totally public rather monolithic systems and then also segmented systems with also private schools. In this project research focuses on the situation of young adults and differing (LLL) educational policies from a national, in terms of functional region, and international (comparative) perspective. Based on the categorisation by Allmendinger it is important to understand how the various education systems provide necessary certificates and/or skills in order to enable young adults to enter the labour market, be it more tied to certificates or training-on-the-job, thus displaying the influence of the respective type of education system.

Formal education

Formal education occurs in a structured environment whose explicit purpose is teaching students. Usually, formal education takes place in a school environment with classrooms of multiple students learning together with a trained, certified teacher of the subject. Most school systems are designed around a set of values or ideals that govern all educational choices in that system. Such choices include curriculum, organizational models, design of the physical learning spaces (e.g. classrooms), student-teacher interactions, methods of assessment, class size, educational activities, and more.

Type of education 

1. Primary education or first stage of basic education
2. Lower secondary education or second stage of basic education
3. Upper secondary education
4. Post-secondary non-tertiary education

INDUSTRIAL DESIGN AND PRODUCTION PLACE GURGAOV

About ofthe gurgaov

Gurgaon has become a leading financial and industrial hub with the third-highest per capita income in India.[4] The city's economic growth story started when the leading Indian automobile manufacturer Maruti Suzuki India Limited established a manufacturing plant in Gurgaon in the 1970s.[5] Today, Gurgaon has local offices for more than 250 Fortune 500  companies.[6]

In March 2019, Gurgaon was named the most polluted city in the world, according to data released by IQ Air Visual and Greenpeace.

history of the city gurgaon

The region of Gurgaon originally fell under the Kuru Kingdom.[9] The earliest people to inhabit the city were Hindus of the Ahir clan during the vedic era.[10] Yadu tribes were a part of this clan and today their descendants commonly hold the last name Yadav. In the Mahabharata, Gurgaon is described as the village of Guru Dronacharya, the guru of the Kauravas and Pandavas.[11] In late 4th century BCE, the city was absorbed by the Maurya Empire as part of Chandragupta Maurya's earliest expansions of his kingdom.[12]

Gurgaon may be same as the Gudapura town mentioned in the 12th century text Prithviraja Vijaya. According to the text, Nagarjuna, a cousin of the Chahamana king Prithviraj Chauhan, rebelled against the king and captured the town. Prithviraj crushed the rebellion, and recaptured the town.[13][14]

During mughal and initially during the British colonial era, Gurguram was just a small village in Jharsa paragana of Delhi subah. Report of a Tour in Eastern Rajputana in 1882-83 (Published in 1885) by Alexander Cunningham, the then Director-General of Archaeological Survey of India, he mentions a stone pillar at Gurugaon of a local feudal lord "Durgga Naga" with a 3-line inscription "Samvat 729 or 928, Vaisakh badi 4, Durgga Naga lokatari bhuta" dating back to 672 AD or 871 AD. Jharsa paragana passed to Begum Samru in 1776-77 and came under direct British rule in 1836 after her death when her territory was taken over by the British who established a civil lines at Jharsa and a cavalry cantonment at nearby Hiyadatpur. A 1882 land revenue settlement report records that the idol of Sitla Mata was brought to Gurugram 400 years earlier (15th century). Begum Samru claimed the offering to Sitla Mata temple during the Chaitra month and the revenue from the offerings given to the deity for rest of the month was distributed among the prominent Jat zamindars of the area.[15] In 1818, Bharawas district was disbanded and Gurugram was made a new district. In 1821, the Bharaswas cantonment was also moved to Hidayatpur in Gurugram.[16] "Aliwardi mosque" in Gurugram, "Badshahpur baoli"  (1905).[17][18] and "Bhondsi" (16th to 17th century) were built during mughal and British era.[19] The "Church of the Epiphany" and "Kaman Serai" (Corrupted form of the "Command Serai" or Officer's Mess") was built by the Britishers in 1925 inside the civil lines.[19]

On 12 April 2016, Chief Minister of Haryana Manohar Lal Khattar announced a proposal to officially rename the city Gurugram (Sanskrit: गुरुग्राम, lit. village of the Guru), subject to the approval of the Haryana cabinet and the Union Government. He argued that the new name would help to preserve the "rich heritage" of the city by emphasising its history and mythological association with Dronacharya.[20][21][22] On 27 September 2016, he officially announced that the Union Government had approved the name change, and thus the city and district would.

Geography

Gurgaon is located in Gurgaon district in the Indian state of Haryana and is situated in the southeastern part of the state, and northern part of the country. The city is located on the border with Delhi with New Delhi to its northeast. The city has a total area of 738.8 square kilometres (285.3 sq mi)[25]

Topography

The average land elevation is 217 metres (712 ft) above sea level.[26]

Ecology

Gurugram lies on the Sahibi River, a tributary  of Yamuna which originates from the Aravalli range in Rajasthan and flows through west and South Haryana into Delhi where it is also known as the Najafgarh drain. The paleochannel and the current course of the Sahibi river have series of biodiversity hotspots and Important Bird Area (IBA) wetlands and forests within Gurugam, including the Outfall Drain Number 6 (canalised portion in Haryana of Sahibi river), Outfall Drain Number 8 (canalised portion in Haryana of Dohan river which is a tributary of Sahibi river), Sarbashirpur wetland, Sultanpur National Park, Basai wetland, Najafgarh lake  and Najafgarh drain bird sanctuary, Ghata lake, Badshahpur lake, Khandsa lake and The Lost lake of Gurugram.[27] Other IBA wetlands along the Saibi river, outside Gurugram district, are the Masani barrage wetland,  Matanhail forest, Chhuchhakwas-Godhari, Khaparwas Wildlife Sanctuary, Bhindawas Wildlife Sanctuary, etc. All of these are home to endangered and migratory birds. Most of these largely remain unprotected. These are under extreme threat mainly from the colonisers and builders.

Mangar Bani, a sacred grove and forest with wetlands between Gurugram and Faridabad, is one of the last surviving natural forest in NCR is protected by Gurjars of nearby area.[28] continguous to Mangar bani are Gwal Pahari  and Bandhwari forested area. All of these lie on the Southern Delhi Ridge of Aravalli range.

Climate

Under the Köppen climate classification, Gurgaon experiences a monsoon-influenced Composite climate .[29] The city experiences four distinct seasons - spring (February - March), summer (April - August), fall/autumn (September - October) and winter (November - January), along with the monsoon season setting in towards the latter half of the summer. Summers, from early April to mid-October, are typically hot and humid, with an average daily June high temperature of 40 °C (104 °F). The season experiences heat indices easily breaking 43 °C (109 °F). Winters are cold and foggy with few sunny days, and with a December daytime average of 3 °C (37 °F). The Western Disturbance brings some rain in winters that further adds to the chill. Spring and autumn are mild and pleasant seasons with low humidity. The monsoon season usually starts in the first week of July and continues till August. Thunderstorms are not uncommon during the Monsoon. The average annual rainfall is approximately 714 millimetres (28.1 in).

The industrial city of NOIDA

ABOUT OF THE NOIDA

Industries dept: 6,000 factories set up in Noida, Greater Noida last fiscal, generated 50K jobs

Factory owners in Noida have been repeatedly seeking representation on the Noida authority board and have also appealed to the Bharatiya Janata Party leadership. Also, industrial associations have been demanding better banking services in the city.

As per the data, as many as 4,640 of the factories that were set up were petty and small industries, with a capital investment less than ₹25 lakh each.

Contrary to complaints by various industries’ associations that the environment in the district is not conducive for industrial growth, the industries department has revealed that nearly 6,000 industrial units were set up in Noida and Greater Noida in the last financial year. Officials said that over 50,000 jobs were generated as a result.

Factory owners in Noida have been repeatedly seeking representation on the Noida authority board and have also appealed to the Bharatiya Janata Party leadership. Also, industrial associations have been demanding better banking services in the city.

Another issue faced by factory owners pertained to the Noida authority order that directed them to remove generator sets from roadsides last year.

Also, they had asked the prime minister to ban import of Chinese products to boost their sales.


GP Goswami, the assistant commissioner of industries, said, “Around 5,960 industrial units were set up in Gautam Budh Nagar, mainly in the industrial areas of Noida and Greater Noida in the financial year 2016-17. As many as 50,670 persons were employed in these companies and around ₹1,146 crore was invested.”

As per the data, as many as 4,640 of the factories that were set up were petty and small industries, with a capital investment less than ₹25 lakh each.

The total investment in these industries is projected at ₹213 crore and these industries generated employment for 28,998
people.


It was revealed that 1,046 industries with a capital investment between ₹25 lakh and
₹1 crore were set up, with a total investment of ₹297 crore and generated 11,505 jobs.

Officials said that 201 units with an investment between
₹1 crore and ₹5 crore were set up, with a total investment of ₹232 crore that provided employment to 4,096 people.

Around 73 units with a capital investment of ₹5 crore to ₹10 crore were set up at a cost of ₹402 crore, which generated 6,069 jobs.


However, existing industries demand better attention and resolution of their problems.”Authorities should put a thrust on retaining existing industries by providing uninterrupted power supply and wholesale raw material markets in Noida and Greater Noida,” said Ashwani Mahendru, a representative of Indian Industries Association.

The industries department also released product-wise data. As many as 1,335 information technology and electronics units were set up with a total investment of ₹176 crore and generated 9,828 jobs. Also, 1,421 service units, at an investment of
₹208 crore, employing 10,077 persons, were set up.

Around ₹10 crore was invested in 19 food product manufacturing units, which generated 517 jobs. Investment of ₹35 crore was made in hosiery and garment industries in setting up 478 units and employing 6,960 persons.


Also, 23 rubber and plastic production units were set up at a cost of ₹20 crore and 604 persons employed.

Another major segment, of 475 units dealing with metals, were set up at ₹41 crore and generated 5,872 jobs.

Association of Greater Noida Industries senior vice president Aditya Ghildyal was sceptical about the numbers.


“No major MNC has come up in the city and even the medium industries set up here in the last few years faced problem from the authorities for various clearances. The law and order situation was pretty bad and despite it being zero power cut zone, the power supply was bad.”

best places in uttar pradesh

Places to Visit in Uttar Pradesh

1. agra

The city of Taj Mahal, the monument of eternal love"

Agra Tourism

Home to one of the 7 wonders of the world, the Taj Mahal, Agra is a sneak peek into the architectural history with other structures such as Agra Fort and Fatehpur Sikri and hence makes for a must visit for anyone living in or visiting India.

When you talk about Agra, one thing has to stand out - yes, the Taj Mahal. Agra is host to the only one of the Seven Wonders of the World in India, Taj Mahal, which makes the whole country proud. But that's not the only thing Agra has to boast of. Agra has three UNESCO World Heritage sites and Taj Mahal features in the 50 most popular tourist destinations in the world. History, architecture, romance all together create the magic of Agra which is almost the lifeline of Indian tourism. History fanatics as well as architecture buffs can have a ball here with the sheer expanse of the Mughal art and culture on display.

2.

The Spiritual Capital of India"

VARANASI Tourism

A city as old as time itself. A city that has stayed in place and watched as the world has turned and the tides have changed. A city that has stood the test of time for thousands of years. In the words of Mark Twain, "Older than history, older than tradition, older even than legend, And looks twice as old as all of them put together." Varanasi, the city that is more than just the spiritual capital of India. The city which can be aptly described as a melting pot where both life and death come together. The city that you only need to visit once for it to stay with you forever.

Varanasi is a very popular pilgrimage point for Hindus, and the older part of Varanasi, which has thrived on the banks of the river Ganga, is an integral part of the very infrastructure of the city, with thousands of people flocking there for salvation and purification. All chaos and noise on the ghats of Varanasi take a pause when the Ganga Aarti takes place in the evening, a ceremony of immense grandeur and opulence, with pandits lining up to perform rituals that are no less than a performance for the senses.

The city in and around the ghats has a certain rhythm to it. Narrow maze-like lanes and by-lanes arouse instant intrigue and fascination, while the street art dotting the stretch alongside the ghats makes for a great outpouring of artistic expression. Varanasi also boasts of a marvelous architectural heritage, as can be seen in the scores of temples dotting the city.

Varanasi has something to offer to everyone who visits the city - be it the clamor of the station, to navigating the mysterious alleyways, to finding serenity on the banks of the Ganges. Varanasi is India in all her glory, as it has been for thousands of years, and as it will be for a thousand more.

3.Lord Krishna's childhood abode"

Vrindavan Tourism

One of the oldest cities on the banks of Yamuna, Vrindavan is considered to be one of the most important places of pilgrimage for the devotees of Krishna. It is said that Lord Krishna had spent his childhood in Vrindavan. The name of the city has been derived from Vrinda (meaning basil) and van (meaning grove) which perhaps refer to the two small groves at Nidhivan and Seva Kunj. Since Vrindavan is considered to be a sacred place, a large number of people come here to abandon their worldly life.

The city of Vrindavan hosts hundreds of Lord Krishna and Radha temples scattered throughout, the most famous ones being Banke Bihari temple, ISKCON temple. The vibrant surroundings perfectly depict the playful and benevolent nature of Lord Krishna. Located along the waters of River Yamuna, the numerous temples set amidst the thick woods and lush greenery of Vrindavan are the major attractions here. Also known as Vrindavan, this city derives its name from the groves of Brinda and Vana meaning forest.

4.The city of Nawabs"

Lucknow Tourism

A city of kebabs and nawabs, of architecture and history, of literature and culture – that is Lucknow in a nutshell for you. The capital and the largest city of Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, situated on the banks of river Gomti, welcomes you with a heartwarming note of "Muskuraiyein, kyunki aap Lucknow mein hai". Known as the ‘City of Nawabs’, Lucknow has a charm to it that is hard to resist. While the city itself is rich and opulent, the people of Lucknow also follow an endearing 'pehle aap' (you first) culture, which always leaves behind a smile on the faces of its visitors. From a slice of rich colonial history to modernized museums, the 'City of Nawabs' beautifully brings together the opulence of a glittering past and the simplicity of a modern city.

Rumi Darwaza, the Mughal Gateway built in the centre of the capital divides Lucknow into the 'Old Lucknow' which is ancient, more crowded, and comprises most of the Muslim population, and the 'New Lucknow' which is urban and one of the most planned cities of Asia. Old Lucknow is home to the iconic Mughal monument known as the Bara Imambara, where you will find the Bhool Bhulaiya, which is basically a complex, an intricately designed labyrinth with around 500 almost-identical doors and around a thousand passageways connected by multiple flights of stairs. The Bara Imambara is an architectural marvel in and of itself and is an exemplary embodiment of Awadhi architecture and culture. Close by, Husainabad Clock Tower exhibits traces of Victorian architecture, while Moti Mahal serves as an excellent vantage point for bird watching.

Most of Old Lucknow is well-known for its bustling, vibrant streets, its authentic, mouth-watering kebab and biriyani outlets, its lakhnavi chikan market, and its wholesale jewellery stores.

New Lucknow, on the other hand, hosts people of varied cultures and is structurally planned with wide roads, shopping malls and parks built to serve varied entertainment purposes. The most famous among these parks are the Ambedkar Park and the Gomti Riverfront Park, both ideal places for visiting and strolling around with friends and family in the evening. The Ambedkar Park, in particular, is spread across a staggering 107 acres of land, and is a colossal memorial park built entirely out of red sandstone. Despite being a park, the place doesn’t actually have any trees, and the only nature connect you will find here are the beautiful elephant stone statues, which are eye-catching, nevertheless.

The Marine Drive of Lucknow, situated beside the Ambedkar Park, is a beautiful boulevard devoid of transport, and both locals, as well as tourists, come here during the mornings and the evenings for a casual walk or a jog.

Hazratganj, a major shopping area located in the heart of the city, is famous for its 'chaat' and 'kulfi' eateries, posh Mughlai restaurants, and various shopping complexes.

5.Prayaga- The city of offerings"

Allahabad Tourism

A few kilometres away from Varanasi, Allahabad is reminiscent of all that is spiritual and sacred in Hinduism. The largest city in Uttar Pradesh, Allahabad is famous for being the meeting point of three rivers - the Ganga, the Yamuna, and the Saraswati. Built on the site of the ancient town of Prayag, Allahabad has, since time immemorial, held the largest Hindu gathering on the banks of the Sangam' the Maha Kumbh Mela. While Allahabad is often passed over for more travel-friendly cities, there is a lot to Allahabad besides just its religion. The places oozes heritage, history, and stories galore, and once you visit the place, you will definitely have seen Allahabad differently for having travelled to and through it.

Allahabad is most famous for being home to the Triveni Sangam – the spot where the three holy rivers meet and become one. One of the top places to visit in Allahabad if you’re spiritually inclined (and even if you’re not because this place deserves a visit), Triveni Sangam is a place bustling with tourists and locals all year round. The Maha Kumbh Mela is a religious occasion that is held here every twelve years and is attended by millions of pilgrims from all across the globe.

Allahabad is more than just its religion though, and the Khusro Bagh is probably the town’s most appealing surprise element. Named after Khusro Mirza, the son of Mughal Emperor Jahangir, the tombs of Khusro Bagh, as well as its wall art and stone carvings, clearly reflect the architecture of the Mughal period. The Allahabad Fort is another monument of historical significance and is heritage site recognized by the UNESCO. Built during the reign of Akbar, this fort is also a fine example of the curation and craftsmanship of the Mughal era.

Other popular places to visit in Allahabad include the Anand Bhavan, the All Saints Cathedral, the Chandra Shekhar Azad Park, and the Allahabad Museum.

6.One of the four holiest places to the Buddhists"

Sarnath Tourism

A quiet and spiritual town set amidst the otherwise densely populated state of Uttar Pradesh, Sarnath is a city of historical marvel with numerous Buddhist stupas, museums, excavated ancient sites and beautiful temples that prove to be a source of immense wonder and astonishment to tourists due to their mystical and serene setting. Being just 10 kms from Varanasi, Sarnath is often flocked with devotees is the perfect pilgrimage site for Buddhists, Jains and Hindus, alike.  

A pilgrimage place for Buddhists, Sarnath features a number of temples and completely serene surroundings with its various historically significant, architectural marvels. Being the place where Lord Buddha preached his first sermon, Sarnath has since been a popular tourist attraction and is well known for its cultural significance as well as the mystical setting. To name a few attractions contributing to the spiritual significance of Sarnath, we have, Ashoka's Pillar, Dharma Stupa built by Emperor Ashoka and many more.

building hazardous

the building hazardous are many type and 

containing all the books of the civil contructions and materials 

types of hazardous

1. material hazardous

2. construction hazardous